Horse Racing

Horse Racing

Mongolian Horse Racing

Horse racing is one of the most ancient and treasured traditions of Mongolia and has been practiced for thousands of years. Over centuries, Mongolian horses have survived the world’s harshest continental climate—long, cold winters and dry summers—developing exceptional stamina, endurance, and adaptability.

Compared to other horse breeds, Mongolian horses can endure long periods of hunger and thirst and adapt easily to natural fodder. Archaeological and scientific research confirms that Mongolians began training and domesticating horses approximately 5,000–6,000 years ago.

Studies conducted by Mongolian scholars, as well as researchers from universities in the United States, indicate that the use of horse harnesses worldwide originated in Mongolia. Genetic research by Russian scientists has further confirmed that the ancestral lineage of modern horse breeds traces back to horses originating in Mongolia.

Horse Racing at the Naadam Festival

Horse racing is one of the Three Manly Games of Mongolia’s National Naadam Festival, alongside wrestling and archery. It is considered the largest horse racing event of its kind in the world.

• Up to 2,400 horses compete
• Races are categorized into six age groups
• Distances range up to 30 kilometers
• Races take place across open steppe terrain

The scale, speed, endurance, and cultural depth of Mongolian horse racing fascinate both locals and international visitors alike.

A People’s Sport

In Mongolia, horse racing is a true people’s sport. Every family selects their best horse from their herd to compete. Unlike modern professional racing, the focus is placed not on the jockey, but on the strength, intelligence, and endurance of the horse itself.

Children serve as jockeys because they are lighter than adults. This tradition reflects the belief that racing is a test of the horse, not riding technique. Mongolians place minimal emphasis on jockey experience and maximum value on the horse’s natural ability.

Legendary Horsemen

Mongolians have long been regarded as some of the finest horsemen in the world. During the era of Chinggis Khan, Mongol horse archers demonstrated extraordinary skills—riding at full gallop while shooting arrows, shielding themselves by hanging from one side of the horse, and returning fire beneath the horse’s neck.

These abilities played a decisive role in the success of the Mongol Empire and remain legendary in military history.

Horse Culture from Childhood

The education of a Mongolian horseman begins in early childhood. Parents place children on horses before they can even hold on by themselves.

• By age 6, children commonly participate in horse races
• By age 10, they begin making their own saddles and tack

A nomad with many horses is traditionally considered wealthy and respected.

Unlike in Western culture, Mongolians do not name their horses. Instead, horses are identified by coat color, markings, scars, and brands, reflecting a deep, practical bond between herder and animal.

A Living Heritage

Mongolian horse racing is more than a sport—it is a living cultural heritage, symbolizing endurance, freedom, and harmony between humans and nature. It remains one of the most powerful ways to experience the spirit of Mongolia and continues to inspire awe among visitors from around the world